Human Capital Development in South Asia : Achievements, Prospects, and Policy Challenges

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Tables, Figures, and Boxes -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- I. Overview -- A. Objective and Scope -- B. Organization of the Report -- II. Human Capital Development and Economic Growth -- A. Overview of Human Development, Structural Transformation, and Income Growth -- B. Role of Human Capital on Economic Development -- C. Skills Development and Economic Growth -- III. A Chievements and Challenges in Education -- A. School Enrollments and Educational Attainment -- B. Quality of Education -- C. National Education Policies and Institutions -- IV. Labor Force and Skills -- A. Evolution of Employment Structure and Skill Requirements -- B. Technical and Vocational Education and Training Systems in South Asia -- India -- Bangladesh -- Nepal -- Sri Lanka -- C. Challenges to the Technical and Vocational Education and Training Systems in South Asia -- Inputs -- Process -- Outputs -- V. Changes in Skill Demand and Supply and Wage Structure -- A. Skill Upgrading, Wage Structure, and Skill Premium in Labor Markets -- B. Micro Level Analysis of Skill Composition and Wage Structure -- India -- Sri Lanka -- Bangladesh -- Indonesia -- C. Technology Change and Skill Demand by Enterprises in Asia -- VI. Policy Recommendations for Human Capital Development -- A. Access and Quality -- 1. Invest in upgrading and monitoring educational quality toward achieving better learning outcomes -- 2. Narrow gender, geographical, and socioeconomic disparities in school attainment and outcomes -- 3. Improve secondary and tertiary education to match the changing skill demand -- B. Skills, Employment, and Labor Markets -- 1. Boost the quality of training and skills development systems to meet industry standards and hasten job-skill matching.