Improving employee engagement through organizational culture in the travel industry: Perspective from a developing country during Covid-19 pandemic

Employee engagement is not only a temporary attractive topic but gradually becomes the focus of attention of managers and scholars, especially in the travel industry in the face of shocks due to Covid-19. This study, under the guidance of social exchange theory, has proposed a meta-analytic framework examining the relationship between two dimensions of engagement, namely job and organizational engagement, and organizational culture. The results of data analysis from 338 employees of travel agencies in Hanoi, a major tourism center of Vietnam, have enriched the literature on the role of organizational culture in fostering organizational engagement through job engagement by providing perspective from a developing country during the pandemic. The paper also provides suggestions for scholars in investigating the promoters of engagement and implications for managers in developing organizational culture to achieve the dual benefits related to job and organizational engagement.