Incorporating Artificial Intelligence into Healthcare Workflows : Models and Insights

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionize healthcare delivery in the United States and around the world. As AI becomes an integral part of the healthcare workflow, it will change the way we model and analyze healthcare delivery and upend the paradigm that has dictated how operations research and management science researchers interact with healthcare practitioners. In this tutorial, we demonstrate how the integration of AI into the healthcare workflow will radically transform healthcare delivery and, at the same time, require a new set of models to guide rapidly changing healthcare practices, measure productivity gains in the industry, and reduce disparities in access to care. These models must be based on a comprehensive understanding of variables influencing different stakeholders, including patients, healthcare providers, payers, bioethicists, regulatory bodies, and investors. While healthcare AI promises to learn and adapt based on user interactions and data, the development, validation, and approval processes also require the creation of new models that generate useful insights. Finally, we discuss barriers and opportunities related to regulatory and reimbursement issues for AI in healthcare