India and Afghanistan’s Time-Tested Friendship in the Shadow of History

Afghanistan is a key state from a geopolitical and geostrategic perspective. "Central Asia, the Middle East, and South Asia" may all be reached through Afghanistan. The world powers attempted to expand their sphere of influence in Afghanistan in order to gain more sway over this region, but their efforts failed, as history attests. It has been established that Afghanistan is the resting place of invaders. India made every effort to grow its influence in Afghanistan. Afghanistan has occasionally been identified as the hub of Indian civilization. India and Afghanistan have a close bond, and based on shared history and culture, India has been and will continue to be a dependable partner in Afghanistan's development and reconstruction endeavours. The main goals of India's development assistance have been to improve the institutions and people of Afghanistan's ability to govern themselves, provide public services, construct socio-economic infrastructure, ensure people's safety, and support their ability to earn a living. Afghanistan's connectivity and free and open access to transit for all goods have been reaffirmed, and India and Afghanistan have also agreed to identify goods and methods to improve bilateral commerce. The study employed a normative approach and examined the relationship between India and Afghanistan which relied on historical and cultural ties. The study is a glance that highlighted the contribution of India toward the reconstruction of Afghanistan for two decades