Industrial Delocalization in an Integrating Europe

This paper examines the process of industrial delocalization of the footwear industry in the European Union; evidence has been gathered from a survey of enterprises from five EU countries. The results for the footwear industry are evaluated in comparison with results for the other industries under investigation: software, electronics, and clothing. The study is enriched by a cross-country analysis based on secondary data indicators for the footwear industry. Outlined are the specific features and effects of the delocalization processes. Patterns of the footwear industry's development as well as its location, specialization, and trade performance; countries' competitiveness; and their relation to the delocalization processes are examined. The benefits to the participants in the delocalization process are outlined and possible future scenarios and prospects are also analyzed in light of the ongoing economic development in the EU-27 regarding delocalization issues.