During the last decade, a pervasive redefinition of our productive paradigm took place. The "cognitive capitalism " represents the result of this complex transition and highlights the strong reliance of our economic system on knowledge. In order to shift the knowledge frontier and boost potential growth, policy tools need to consider the crucial role of both tangible and intangible infrastructures. Communication platforms and intangible networks are basic elements for information transfer and social development. Nevertheless, the dynamics underlying infrastructures involves different critical aspects: while long-term investments in tangible networks have been negatively affected by the massive wave of privatisations, the development of modern intangible infrastructure decisively depends on several key factors such as the institutional setting (rules), the education system and the cultural dimension. In such a complex frame, efficient policy interventions need to be based on the evaluation of performance, where the critical assessment of know-how, externalities and spillovers within specific areas play a central role.
