Les modèles d'équilibre général appliqués à la politique commerciale : développements récents

We explore recent analytical developments in trade applied general equilibrium models and present a state of the art. Two extensions have been recently introduced : imperfect competition in order to show the impact of trade liberalization on welfare through a reduced monopoly power and economies of scale ; dynamic behaviour in order to take into account both transitional and long run equilibria. The intertemporal resources re-allocation has crucial repercussions in terms of welfare. The most recent models incorporate endogenous technological change and allow for an analysis of growth effects issues. We analyse in detail the theoretical foundations of these models but we also present the empirical results and deal with the new subjects.