Liberalisierung und Re-Regulierung der Elektrizitätswirtschaft in Skandinavien

This paper deals with the electricity reforms (1990-1996) in three Scandinavian Couiitries: Norway, Sweden and Finland. Of Special importance for the efficiency in the sector is the question, whether the re-regulation of the electricity transport business is accompanied by a comprehensive liberalisation of electricity trade. The extent of this liberalisation decides whether competition between different trade institutions, e.g. between electricity exchanges and bilateral contracts, could develop. Therefore, the regulations of the electricity trade are a main focus of the paper. In addition, the paper depicts parallels and differences between the Scandinavian reforms, the English Reform of 1990 and the German implementation of the EU directiveof 1996.