Measuring and explaining the cost efficiency of municipal household waste collection and processing: A case study of Flemish municipalities

This paper proposes an adjusted version of the popular efficiency measurement technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that makes it possible (1) to evaluate the cost efficiency of municipalities in the collection and processing of multiple household waste fractions, (2) robustifying the cost efficiency evaluations for the impact of measurement errors in the data or municipalities with outlying and atypical performances (if present in the sample set), and (3) to correct the evaluations for differences in the operating environments of municipalities (e.g., factors such as demography and median income of the municipality population). The paper illustrates the usefulness of the methodology by carrying out and analysing a cost efficiency evaluation using data on 293 municipalities in Flanders, Belgium, for the year 2009.