Metabolomic Changes in Lactating Multiparous Naturally Map-Infected Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows Highlight Changes in Mitochondrial Energy Pathways
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative organism of Johne’s Disease, a chronic intestinal infection of ruminants. Infected cows begin shedding MAP within the asymptomatic, subclinical stage of infection before clinical signs, such as weight loss, diarrhoea and reduced milk yields develop within the clinical stages of disease. Herein, we examine the milk metabolomic profiles of naturally MAP-infected Holstein-Friesian cows and attempt to correlate identified metabolites to milk composition parameters. The study used biobanked milk samples which were collected 73.4 ± 3.79 (early lactation) and 143 ± 3.79 (mean ± SE) (mid-lactation) days post-calving from 5 MAP-infected and 5 control multiparous cows. The milk metabolome was assessed using flow infusion electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS) for high throughput, sensitive, non-targeted metabolite fingerprinting. Metabolite fingerprinting assessments using partial least squares discriminate analyses (PLS-DA) indicated that lactation stage was a larger source of variation than MAP status. Examining each lactation stage separately for MAP associated changes identified 45 metabolites, 33 in early lactation versus 12 in mid-lactation, but only 6 metabolites were detected throughout lactation. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that MAP affected the malate-aspartate shuffle during early lactation. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated relationships between milk lactose concentrations in mid-lactation and 6 MAP-related metabolites. Identified MAP related metabolites were indicative of wider changes in the bioenergetic metabolism that appear to be an augmentation of the effects of progressing lactation in healthy cows. Additionally, milk lactose concentrations suggest that MAP reduces the availability of lactose derivatives
Year of publication: |
[2022]
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Authors: | Taylor, Emma ; Beckmann, Manfred ; Hewinson, Glyn ; Rooke, David ; Sinclair, Liam ; Mur, Luis |
Publisher: |
[S.l.] : SSRN |
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