L'objectif de la règlementation prudentielle et son rôle dans l'allocation de l'épargne des sociétés d'assurance-vie : le dépassement de Solvency II par une approche "rendement-risque"

This thesis investigates the nature and the objectives of investment prudential regulations in insurance business and its role in asset allocation by insurers. The thesis is divided into the following three parts. Part one explains the importance of insurance sector for savings¤ allocation and allows understanding the need, the nature and the evolution of solvency principles in insurance sector. These prudential rules have been developed with the single objective of telling failures by measuring and controlling the "risk". Part two deals with the negative role of these "mono-factorial" rules for asset allocation. This historical analysis allows us to characterize the capitalization as the source of motivation for investment reallocation and to examine, in this context, the situation in Europe before the introduction of Solvency II. Part three offers a new theoretical frame to analyze investment prudential regulations and explains theoretically why the "mono-factorial" rules influence financial policies of insurance companies. This last part offers a new approach towards prudential regulations, which aims at two objectives ¤ risk control and optimum return. On the basis of this "bi-factorial" approach, the thesis offers modifications for Solvency II.