Output upstreamness and input downstreamness of industries/countries in world production

Using the world input-output tables available from the WIOD project (www.wiod.org), we quantify production line positions of 35 industries for 40 countries and the rest of the world region over 1996-2009. In contrast to the previous related literature we do not focus only on the output supply chain, but also consider sectors? input demand chain. This distinction is important because both these chains jointly constitute the entire production process, and the output sales structure of each sector is generally different from the structure of its inputs purchases. We use the (output) upstreamness measure of Antr`as et al. (2012) and our proposed input downstreamness measure to quantify industry relative position, respectively, along the global output supply chain and the global input demand chain. The results are examined in detail at the levels of the world, six aggregate economic branches, sectors and countries.