Paradoxes of the Regulatory State

The regulatory state faces a set of paradoxes, in the form of strategies that achieve an end precisely opposite to the one intended. These include: (2) overregulation can produce underregulation; (2) stringent regulation of new risks can increase aggregate risk levels; (3) requiring the best available technology can retard technological development; (4) redistributive regulation can harm those at the bottom of the economic ladder; (5) disclosure requirements can make people less informed; and (6) independent agencies are not independent