Portuguese Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Economic Growth: A Time Series Analysis

This paper examines the relationships between economic growth , energy consumption, trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions for the period 1970-2009 in case of Portugal. In doing so, we use a time series (OLS estimator, the regression with Newey -West standard errors, and ARMA model). We also apply the test of unit root (the Argument Dickey-Fuller test, ADF). The empirical results show that economic growth is directly linked with carbon dioxide emissions. The energy consumption and international trade have positive impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Our results are according to the existence of environmental Kuznets Curve.