Residential land use with demographic dynamics of young and old generations

Populations of many countries are expected to decrease rapidly, with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of elderly people. These population dynamics will affect residential location patterns of young and old people because of their different preferences for local (zonal) amenities. Using an overlapping generations model in a closed city with two zones, this paper demonstrates how younger and older generations reside in the two zones and classifies the residential patterns into three patterns. Results of analyses underscore how the three residential patterns arise according to the respective population dynamics and zone amenities. Furthermore, by exploring the equilibrium utility paths of young and old people for each residential pattern, we show that the change in the population dynamics can produce an unfair change over generations with different birthdates.