Riding high : success in sports and the rise of doping cultures

This article develops a socio-economic model that analyzes the doping decision of professional athletes. In their decision to use performance enhancing drugs athletes do not only evaluate the costs and bene?ts (in terms of potential rank improvement). They also take into account peer-group approval of using drugs. Peer-group approval is modelled as a lagged endogenous variable that depends on the share of drug using athletes in the history of a sport. This way, the model can explain multiple equilibria as doping culturesʺ. Besides the comparative statics of the equilibrium (how can a doping culture be eliminated?) the article also investigates how the doping decision is a?ected by standards set by the respective leader in a sport, e.g. Olympic quali?cation marks, and by the taste of victory, i.e. the disproportionate public veneration of winners. -- sport ; doping ; approval ; social dynamics ; weak athletes ; superheroes