Seasonal Distribution of PM 2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a Critical Indicator of Air Quality and Health Impact in a Coastal-Urban Region of Poland
This study focuses on the inter-seasonal distribution and variability of thirteen native PAHs adsorbed onto respirable PM2.5 fraction collected in a coastal-urban region of northern Poland in 2019. The FLEXTRA backward trajectory analysis and several diagnostic ratios were applied to determine seasonal profiles of PAH congeners and their major sources in airborne samples. The annual cumulative mean value of total PAHs in PM2.5 was 6.92 ± 10.1 ng m-3, varying in the following range: 0.32 (May) – 68.57 ng m-3 (Jan). Seasonal mass concentrations of total particulate PAHs were ranked as follows: summer (1.27 ng m-3) < spring (4.83 ng m-3) < autumn (6.16 ng m-3) < winter (18.5 ng m-3). Clear seasonal differences in PAHs concentrations can be explained by direct impact of local and regional urban/industrial activities, with priority contribution of coal combustion in residential and commercial sectors in winter. In addition, for summer measurements the diagnostic ratios indicated that high molecular weight PAHs were mainly derived from vehicle emission and petrochemical industry, while relatively low mass contribution of 4-ring congeners to the total sum of PAHs was attributed to photochemical processing. The analysis of meteorological parameters (temperature, pressure, relative humidity) and gaseous precursors (SO2, NO2, NOx, O3 and CO) exhibits their statistically significant correlations with PAHs, indicating local/regional primary emission. The incremental lifetime cancer risk was 1.23 × 10-5, suggesting potential toxicity and carcinogenicity for adults. This research highlights the importance of the implementation of health risk assessment model in the urbanized coastal zones
Year of publication: |
[2022]
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Authors: | Siudek, Patrycja |
Publisher: |
[S.l.] : SSRN |
Subject: | Polen | Poland | Luftverschmutzung | Air pollution | Gesundheit | Health | Saisonale Schwankungen | Seasonal variations | EU-Staaten | EU countries | Räumliche Verteilung | Spatial distribution |
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