Strategies and Policy Responses to Forecast, Prevent and Prepare to Face Next Pandemics

One of the problems in epidemiologic studies and public governance is not whether next pandemics will happen, but when a new pandemic will emerge leading to heath emergency . The purpose of this study is to analyze main factors determining pandemic threats and how countries can design and implement strategies and policy responses to prevent and reinforce the preparedness to face next pandemic crises. Results and discussion suggest here strategic actions of surveillance and monitoring that governments should implement for a removal or reduce risk factors that a pandemic (similar to COVID-19) emerges and deteriorates health of people and overall socioeconomic systems. Hence, the study here provides main insights to design and implement, ex ante, appropriate and timely strategies responses that can support resilience and preparedness of nations to cope with pandemic threats and mitigate socioeconomic and health damages in the short- and long-run