Surface Inclination Effects on Heat Transfer During Flame Spread Acceleration Based on Firefoam

In order to study the influence of inclination on flame spread on solid surface and improve the accuracy of theoretical model to predict the flame spread rate through the detailed heat flux distribution in the solid surface, a set of numerical simulations of fire spread on corrugated cardboard surface at different angles from 0 to 30° is carried out. The simulations are performed using FireFOAM, a large eddy simulation solver with a “wall-resolved” approach. Great attention is paid to the explanation for acceleration of fire spread and to the influence of angle on flame heat transfer. Less attention is paid to the numerical models except for the treatment of turbulence. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that the change of flow field structure, especially the appearance of vortex leads to the flame attachment. By using a self-defined flame attachment length, the influence of the angle on the heat flux distribution in the preheating zone is analyzed, and a modified fire spread model considering surface temperature is established to effectively improve the accuracy of the prediction of the value of flame spread velocity at large inclination angles