The Modernization Mantra: Toward a New Architecture for Canada's Adult Benefits

Conceived in the 1930s and 1940s and constructed largely in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, Canada's socialsecurity system needs to be modernized to meet the challenges and demands imposed upon it from profound changes in the economy, society, and the political system. Some progress is being made, such as reforms to family policy (notably the National Child Benefit, parental leave, and child care), the retirement income system (e.g., partial funding of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans and the evolution of income-tested old-age pensions) and tax benefits for persons with disabilities. However, a vast area of Canadian social policy -- "adult benefits" (i.e., income supports and employment services for working-age adults) -- remains largely unreformed and inadequate. This paper makes the case for reform and puts forward some bold ideas for a new "architecture" of adult benefits that would restructure federal and provincial/territorial programs, including Employment Insurance, welfare, and supports for the working poor.