THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY: CONTEMPORARY LIMITS AND CHALLENGES (English version)

The nuclear states club includes nine states, in comparison to only five nuclear states that existed at the moment of entering into force of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1970. Nuclear proliferation had a significant evolution during the Cold War, but also in the post-Cold War period, which is also known as the second nuclear era. In these circumstances, it becomes necessary to make a critical analysis of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, the basis of the current nuclear nonproliferation international regime. Despite the successes recorded in the application of this treaty, which include among others the raise in the number of state parties to this treaty and the limitation of the number of state which proliferate, the nonproliferation regime suffers from limitations and has to respond to new challenges among which: the impossibility of attracting all of the states as parties to the NPT, the absence of efficient mechanisms for the application of the treaty provisions but also the increase in the number of states wishing to use nuclear technology for military purposes.