Thoughts on Spanish urban tourism in a post-pandemic reality: challenges and guidelines for a more balanced future

Purpose This study aims to identify the challenges faced by urban destinations in Spain in the current transitional stage towards a new reality of tourism, caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the ongoing global changes in the tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach An extensive literature review and an analysis of current debates were conducted to identify the different factors that have influenced the recent tourism phenomenon and the development of destinations on a global, regional-national and local-urban scale. Findings Four main challenges are identified, including the new mobility patterns of the population; information and communication technologies and the digitalisation process in urban and tourism management; sustainability, as a factor of the competitiveness, stability and viability of urban destinations; and governance in urban destinations. Originality/value The study’s findings provide valuable insights for urban destination managers to make informed decisions and adapt to the new reality of tourism.