I. Rank -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Supervision -- 3. Control -- 4. Rank -- Supplement A: A Graph Theoretic Model of Supervision -- Supplement B: Precedence -- Supplement C: Communication Aspects of Rank -- II. Design -- 5. Span of Control -- 6. Estimation -- 7. Assignment -- Supplement D: Integers and Slack -- E: Average Span and Management Graph Theory -- F: Support Structure -- G: Maximizing Average Rank -- III. Costs and Scale -- 8. Regular Organization -- 9. Costs and Scale -- 10. Loss of Communication and Control -- IV. Organizational Production Functions -- 11. Case Working Organizations -- 12. A Production Function for Management -- 13. Allocation of Inputs: Cost Functions -- V. Advantage of Organization -- 14. Organization versus the Individual -- 15. Supervision versus Partnership -- 16. The Economics of Hierarchy -- Supplement H: Qualification and Specialization -- References.