Total landscape values: a multi-dimensional approach

Landscape involves several sources of valuation (for example, ecological, economic, social) which are advisable to integrate into an evaluation. The notion of Total Economic Value, distinguishing use values and non-use values, allows for reporting of the many features of a landscape. However, a purely monetary definition of these values does not allow for reporting of the multi-dimensionality of stakes inherent in landscape management. We propose to reinterpret the value of the landscape within a framework of multi-dimensional analysis, based on the distinction of three levels of stakes (profitability, strategic and identity) bound to the management of space. We will demonstrate under which conditions (decision rules and decision-making tools) it is possible to implement this multi-dimensional approach to value, and to integrate the landscape as a real criterion of decision making in development projects.