Transformation de l'idée d'association au XIXe siècle sous l'effet des changements politiques et économiques.

This paper studies the elements which can explain the transformations of the concept of non profit sector after the French Revolution from 1789 to 1898. Our analysis is grounded on the study of economic thought as well as economic and social facts. Two periods are defined. From 1789 to 1898, the non profit sector approach appears as a general principle applied to society organization. Saint-Simon's liberal philosophy will symbolizes this period's way of thinking. From 1848 to 1898, the «social question» is an important element which changes the role of the NPO. In Louis Blanc articles, the non profit sector is a way of organization labour struggle. In the same time, for Le Play, the non profit sector serves the employers.