Front Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- PART 1 Safe Water -- Chapter 2 Access to Improved Water Sources: Quantitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Trends in Access to Water Sources -- Constraints for Access to Safe Water -- Conclusion -- Annex 2A: Access to Water Estimates from the 2011 DHS -- Note -- References -- Chapter 3 Cost of Public Taps and Alternative Water Sources -- Introduction -- Sources of Drinking Water -- Cost of Alternative Sources of Water -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Challenges for Access to Safe Water: Qualitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Water Provision -- Water Quality -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- PART 2 Sanitation -- Chapter 5 Access to Sanitation: Quantitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Trends in Access to Sanitation -- Constraints for Access to Sanitation -- Conclusion -- Annex 5A: Sanitation and Hand Washing Estimates from the 2011 DHS -- References -- Chapter 6 Challenges to Adequate Sanitation: Qualitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Lack of Latrines -- Alternatives to Private Latrines -- Obstacles to Building Latrines -- Incentives to Build Latrines -- Waste Disposal -- Hand Washing -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- PART 3 Policy -- Chapter 7 Public Funding and Programs for the Poor in Water and Sanitation -- Introduction -- Level of Public Funding -- Targeting the Poor -- Conclusions -- Note -- References -- Figures -- 2.1 Challenges Associated with Accessing Safe and Clean Water -- 3.1 Concentration Curves for Sources of Drinking Water, 2009/10 -- 3.2 Concentration Curves for Sources of Drinking Water, 2012/13 -- 5.1 Challenges Associated with Good Hygiene Practices -- 5.2 Perceptions about Public Toilets -- 7.1 Water and Environment Sector Budget, Released Funds, and Expenditures