Does integration advance through crises, as hinted by policy-makers such as jean Monnet or Romano Prodi? To what extent failure in responding to crises may lead to disintegration instead? Building on Historical-Institutionalist and Neofunctionalist approaches, as well as on macroeconomics this...

In recent decades, the Member States of the European Union have registered a huge increase of spectacular and highly organized VAT fraud. Whilst the tax authorities are fighting hard to stop this phenomenon, fraud has become an established industry. In this article, the author analyses several...

The paper discusses the wider framework of free movement of people in EU law, bridging various research fields. In doing so the initial part of the paper indicates the major differences between free movement of people before and after the Eastern Enlargement both in numbers and characteristics....

We measure the role of firm heterogeneity in counterfactual predictions of monopolistic competition trade models without parametric restrictions on the distribution of firm fundamentals. We show that two bilateral elasticity functions are sufficient to nonparametrically compute the...

Among the many meanings given to the idea of a European ‘constitution’, perhaps the most widespread relates to the limitation and constraint of power. Missing from this conception, however, is arguably the very essence of genuinely ‘constituted’ authority: the capacity to mobilise fiscal...

In the European Union (EU), the criteria for determining a sign’s eligibility for trademark protection are harmonized to a large extent. On the one hand, the trademark legislation and office practices in EU Member States have to keep within the harmonized legal framework set forth in the EU...

Problems currently observed in Polish agriculture have different origins. Some of them have an historical background, while others are related to systemic transformation and forthcoming accession to the European Union. Most of the problems are common for all the candidate countries and most of...

After World War II, the division of Europe into two antagonistic blocks led western European countries to strengthen their collaboration on defense (Brussels Treaty, 1948; Western European Union - WEU-, 1954) and economic (European Organization of Economic Cooperation, 1948 or the European Payments...

A Plan for a European Economic Community was developed at the University of Berlin in 1942. There are striking similarities with the European Economic Community that was introduced in 1957 – and which became the foundation stone of the European Union. Particularly striking is the innate...

This paper examines six major policy issues within EU electricity regulation, a case study chosen both for its intrinsic importance and because its interdependence, politicization and volatility make it a plausible candidate for uniform, differentiated, and experimentalist regulation. It finds...