Data provided by 7380 middle managers from 60 nations are used to determine whether demographic variables are correlated with managers’ reliance on vertical sources of guidance in different nations and whether these correlations differ depending on national culture characteristics. Significant...

This paper examines cultural and leadership variables associated with corporate social responsibility values that managers apply to their decision-making. In this longitudinal study, we analyze data from 561 firms located in 15 countries on five continents to illustrate how the cultural...

The development of East Asian Chinese societies in recent decades has led to observed change in leadership styles among business managers. This study examines the relationship between societal changes, especially the change in culture, and the change in leadership styles. The subjects of this...