This manual has been designed to ensure that actions that are wholly or partially funded by the European Union (EU) incorporate information and communication activities designed to raise the awareness of specific or general audiences of the reasons for the action and the EU support for the...

This study extends the traditional set of central bank's interventions to include official announcements in order to provide empirical evidence on two pivotal questions: (i) are FX authorities able to influence market expectations with different instruments? (ii) how should interventions be...