and bank ratings, no previous study has investigated the link in this manner. We find that sovereign rating upgrades … (downgrades) have strong effects on bank rating upgrades (downgrades). The impact of sovereign watch status on bank rating actions …

(s) of current and previous quality improvements (upgrades). Subgame perfect equilibrium seller payoffs range from capturing …

with modular upgrades excessively (insufficiently) when the time between the initial purchase and the upgrade is short … actual upgrade decision, they are more likely to revert to modular upgrades. Finally, we discuss and test several pricing and …

. Mismatches between demand and capacity can therefore often be managed by using product upgrades. Clearly, it is desirable to … incorporate upgrades, we build upon different dynamic programming formulations from the literature and gain several new structural … approaches that extend the traditional decomposition for capacity control by simultaneously considering upgrades as well as …

frequent product upgrades and rising retail prices in durable product sectors of our interest are due to the emergence of the P … result regarding product upgrades using data from the college textbook industry, a durable product that fits our model setup. …

-2006, sanctioned brokerage firms' upgrades not only underperformed the upgrades of non-sanctioned brokerage firms, but they also earned … negative abnormal returns. The degree of underperformance for sanctioned brokerage firms' upgrades was at the highest during … 1999-2002. More surprisingly, the underperformance of upgrades continues in 2003-2006. We also find weak evidence of …

-2006, sanctioned brokerage firms' upgrades not only underperformed the upgrades of non-sanctioned brokerage firms, but they also earned … negative abnormal returns. The degree of underperformance for sanctioned brokerage firms' upgrades was at the highest during … 1999-2002. More surprisingly, the underperformance of upgrades continues in 2003-2006. We also find weak evidence of …