not work at all, time spent with children, and child-related expenditures, we find that income risk impacts skill …This paper studies the mechanisms and the extent to which parental wage risk passes through to children's skill … development. Through a quantitative dynamic labor supply model in which two parents choose whether to work short or long hours or …

adults and children. Using microdata from 33 African countries, this paper documents the co-evolution of adult education … with the educational outcomes of children. As fertility declines, children's grade attainment rises, but their school … education. Rising women's education predicts declining fertility and rising children's grade attainment, but it is less …

School systems around the world use achievement tests to assign students to schools, classes, and instructional … students who score below a proficiency cutoff into remedial classes. Students scoring below the cutoff receive more educational … significantly larger and more likely to persist beyond the year of remediation for Black students …

Research documents that parental beliefs influence early investments in children, which, in turn, determine early human … capital and, eventually, other skills children acquire in later stages of the lifecycle, such as literacy. Our paper reports … teaches the science of early language development, models verbal interaction behaviors with children, and provides objective …

limited effectiveness, the introduction of a new modality with enhanced mentor training significantly improves children …

mobility across generations. The data follow the children of Black and White Union Army veterans from birth to death, linking … them to the available censuses. The White samples include an over-sample of children of ex-POWs. A separate collection …

sample of 3,500 Kenyan 3-8 year olds. Parents with additional exposure to childhood deworming have children with improved … units higher among treated parents' school-age children, only prior to school closures. Findings are interpreted through a …

child's human capital? Most parents whose children receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits overestimate the … likelihood that their child will receive SSI benefits in adulthood. Reducing parents' expectations that children will receive … benefits in adulthood does not increase investments in children's human capital. This zero effect is precisely estimated …

standard deviation on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Between 2019 and 2022, U.S. students had … between NAEP scores and students' later life outcomes by year and state of birth. We find that a standard deviation … improvement in a birth cohort's 8th grade math achievement was associated with an 8 percent rise in income, as well as improved …

first child leads to persistent increases in family income that likely contribute to the downstream effects on children …, which results in families of otherwise similar children receiving substantially different refunds during the first year of … life. For the average low-income single-child family in our sample this difference amounts to roughly $1,300, or 10 percent …