are consistent with these grades being insufficiently salient for students to alter actual student behaviors …

effects on school grades, but these negative effects are largely confined to children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks of … gestation, i.e. born at least 10 weeks earlier). Children born moderately preterm (i.e. born up to 5 weeks early) suffer no ill … school environment is very important for the outcomes of preterm born children, such that those born extremely preterm that …

between the countries increase with the income prospects in ROW and the number of international students. Higher stay rates of …This paper presents a model of two countries competing for a pool of students from the rest of the world (ROW). In … foreign students lead to more ambiguous results. In particular, an increase in educational quality can be accompanied by a …

- on school performance. We combine data from the National Educational Panel Study covering 5348 primary school students …

addressing unobserved residence-country features, we find similar results when assigning migrant students their country …