administrative register data on 25000 genotyped Norwegian children and their parents. We assess and disentangle the relative … importance of genetics and social background for children's standardized academic test scores. Norway offers a particularly … opportunity structures for children. The results point to genetics only confounding the parent status-offspring achievement …

adults and children. Using microdata from 33 African countries, this paper documents the co-evolution of adult education … with the educational outcomes of children. As fertility declines, children's grade attainment rises, but their school … education. Rising women's education predicts declining fertility and rising children's grade attainment, but it is less …

informal mentoring relationships between students and teachers, counselors, and coaches. Using longitudinal data from a … in college attendance. Effects are largest for students of lower socioeconomic status and robust to controls for … students have a strong sense of belonging are important school-level predictors of having a K-12 natural mentor …

Grade retention and early dropout are two of the biggest challenges facing education systems in middle-income countries … outcomes that are early-warning signals for grade retention and dropout. We conducted an experiment in low-income schools in … information to parents via weekly and monthly text messages. Our 18-month intervention raised average math GPA by 0.09 of a …

We develop a multi-agent model of the education production function where investments of students, parents, and … survey data and a mandate to randomly assign students to classrooms. Consistent with our model, we show that exposure to …

School systems around the world use achievement tests to assign students to schools, classes, and instructional … students who score below a proficiency cutoff into remedial classes. Students scoring below the cutoff receive more educational … significantly larger and more likely to persist beyond the year of remediation for Black students …

limited effectiveness, the introduction of a new modality with enhanced mentor training significantly improves children …