This paper shows that there are large differences in cognitive and socio-emotional development between children from … rich and poor backgrounds at the age of 3, and that this gap widens by the age of 5. Children from poor backgrounds also … face much less advantageous "early childhood caring environments" than children from better off families. For example we …

Several recent studies find that interventions in schools can have important lasting consequences for students, and … that schools differ in their contribution to students’ learning. However, there is less research investigating how these …

Children born at the end of the academic year have lower educational attainment, on average, than those born at the …