The 2010 primary school reform in the UK aimed at giving schools more autonomy and freedom from local council's control …, by giving them the option to become academies. Once converted, schools need to choose between remaining a standalone …. Survey data on academies suggest that schools belonging to chains are more likely to change leadership and entrust the …

well understood yet. I study how local schools affect the educational achievement of low-income students when their … natural experiment which caused little displacement of local families and changed the composition of more deprived …-age students. I compare the achievement of students in schools of the same neighborhood but located at different distances from the …