The Internet has become the standard infrastructure for all kinds of communications. At the same time, the emergence of cloud computing and web services has significantly strengthened requirements for the Internet to display greater robustness to disruptions and higher flexibility to support...

The bispectrum and third-order moment can be viewed as equivalent tools for testing for the presence of nonlinearity in stationary time series. This is because the bispectrum is the Fourier transform of the third-order moment. An advantage of the bispectrum is that its estimator comprises terms...

A set of techniques referred to as circular statistics has been developed for the analysis of directional and orientational data. The unit of measure for such data is angular (usually in either degrees or radians), and the statistical distributions underlying the techniques are characterised by...

A method is presented for automated preparation of bootstrap data samples and their presentation to NONMEM for use in the validation of population pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic models, which have been developed with relatively small numbers of subjects. The bootstrap sampling procedure...

Enterprise systems interoperability (ESI) is an important topic for business currently. This situation is evidenced, at least in part, by the number and extent of potential candidate protocols for such process interoperation, viz., ebXML, BPML, BPEL, and WSCI. Wide-ranging support for each of...

This study was conducted to develop a method, termed 'back analysis (BA)', for converting non-compartmental variables to compartment model dependent pharmacokinetic parameters for both one- and two-compartment models. A Microsoft Excel((R)) spreadsheet was implemented with the use of Solver((R))...

Building upon the balanced scorecard framework, this article addresses three central issues of human resource (HR) measurement: (1) Do HR practices impact business results? (2) How can HR practices add value to business performance? (3) What HR measures can drive business performance? Using...

Current business conditions mandate greater competitive advantage from HR agendas and processes. To add greater competitive advantage, HR must contribute strategic value against criteria from customer and capital markets. HR can add strategic value either reactively or proactively. In its...

Multiattribute auctions support automated negotiation insettings where buyers and sellers have valuations for alternateconfigurations of a good, as defined by configurationattributes. Bidders express offers to buy or sell alternateconfigurations by specifying configuration-dependent reserve...

Strategic reasoning is part of our everyday lives: we negotiate prices, bid in auctions, write contracts, and play games. We choose actions in these scenarios based on our preferences, and our beliefs about preferences of the other participants. Game theory provides a rich mathematical framework...