Die Effizienz der Pittsburgher Stahlhütten beeindruckte britische Stahlbarone zutiefst. Dreißig Jahre zuvor hatte die jährliche Produktion an Roheisen in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika gerade einmal ein Sechstel des englischen Ausstoßes erreicht. Doch nun, im Jahre 1901, fanden die...

This paper examines the supposed welfare gains from strategic trade and industrial policies in the U.S. steel industry. Strategic policies to capture labor rents lead to an endogenous response which greatly diminishes their importance. On the other hand, reducing domestic labor market...

Will new technologies cause industries to shed jobs, requiring novel policies to address mass unemployment? Sometimes productivity-enhancing technology increases industry employment instead. In manufacturing, jobs grew along with productivity for a century or more; only later did productivity...

This paper aims to examine consumer behaviour towards, and the willingness to adopt, ‘green steel’ in the automotive sector. Semi-structured interviews were held with experts from global, regional and country-specific industry associations and automakers. This paper appraises potential...

In the German debate on firms' flexibility strategies, one strategy for handling the fluctuation of labour requirements is mainly ignored: the temporary laying off of employees and their subsequent reemployment by the same employer (recalls). This paper focuses on describing the extent of...

The objective of this paper is to analyse the flexibility opportunities of firms to respond to increasing labour market requirements and heterogeneity. Thereby, we focus on two groups of workers and two kinds of management events. The two groups of workers are female and older workers, while...