For overlapping operations, the ALVs may need to process an unload transaction after processing a load transaction or vice versa. In such situations, the ALVs have to move from one QC location to another QC location or from one SC location to another SC location. In this section, we adopt the...

Background: In container terminals, optimizing the scheduling of external trucks and yard cranes is crucial as it directly impacts the truck turnaround time, which is one of the most critical performance measures. Furthermore, proper scheduling of external trucks contributes to reducing CO2...

Background: The key performance index for the container terminals is the vessel berthing time which is highly affected by the scheduling of the different handling equipment. Proper integrated scheduling of the handling equipment is crucial, especially in automated container terminals, where all...