recent studies for the Chinese urban labour market. We use parents’ education and spouse's education to instrument for … education as well as exploit heteroskedasticity to aid in identification. The two-stage least squares estimates using parents …’ and spouse's education are considerably higher than the OLS estimates for returns to schooling, while the estimates which …

introduced major structural reforms to fight poverty, improve the quality of education, create more jobs in the formal sector and …

, the latter notably through the successful “Bolsa Familia” programme. Among public services, improved access to education … interventions such as expanding early-childhood education, by reducing grade-repetition and through more tailored support for those …

Improving education outcomes is vital for achieving convergence with GDP per capita levels in Western European … countries and for reducing income inequality. While some education outcomes are favourable, such as the low secondary …-school drop-out rate, others have room for improvement: education achievement is below the OECD average and strongly influenced by …

The French education system has a mixed record. A generally very successful pre-school and primary school level … contrasts with underfunded public universities with high dropout rates which exist alongside very successful higher education … institutions for elites. Initial education, especially secondary education and the universities, along with labour market policies …

We explore education's role in improving the allocation of labor between China's agricultural and nonagricultural … empirical model that allows for the endogenous selection of education and sector of employment, we estimate the relationship … worker from 1978 to 2004 is accounted for by increased education, with 9% coming through the labor-reallocation channel and 2 …