of transition. Employment rates are generally on the decline except in Croatia and low compared to European standards …

While there is a large literature on the economic theory of international standards, and their presumed effects, we … know much less about how international standards work in practice. This paper reviews the body of empirical work that has … investigated the specific question: How international standards impact on international trade? Do they help or hinder trade? The …

Empirical scholarship on the standards–trade relationship has been held up due to methodological challenges …

We introduce a standards restrictiveness index to analyze the impact that food safety standards have on international … exports of agricultural products. Our new measure of standards restrictiveness is created using maximum residue levels of … standards are associated, on average, with a lower probability of observing trade. However, after controlling for sample …

of the broader issues relating to labour standards, low pay and competitiveness. Argues that, in a market environment …