Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of a positive country image (CI) by companies. First, it examines how organisations embed dimensions of a positive country image into their external marketing communications. Second, it examines the alignment between the countries’...

Purpose: This study aims to understand the values around which stakeholders of a place brand within a community can align. Design/methodology/approach: A content analysis of websites provided a description of region brands. In-depth interview data from representatives of two communal region...

Actors work with resources in putting their business plans into practice, some of which are close-at-hand and some at arm's length to that business. Furthermore, actors can transform and translate resources in more or less complex ways in bringing them into the realm of a business activity, for...

Whilst China is the largest single world economy, e-commerce has been relatively slow to develop, especially within consumer markets. In more advanced e-economies such as the USA the switch between traditional retail sales and e-sales is growing all the time and is predicted to be as high as...