geographic proximity is a key determinant of competition, and English public hospitals where political competition can be used to … construct instrumental variables for market structure. Since almost all major English hospitals are government run, closing … hospitals in areas where the governing party has a small majority is rare due to fear of electoral punishment. We find that …

between hospitals. Patients were given choice of location for hospital care and provided information on the quality and … without raising costs. Patients discharged from hospitals located in markets where competition was more feasible were less … approximately 68,000 discharges per year per hospital from 160 hospitals. We find that the effect of competition is to save lives …

effective way to increase the quality signal and attract patients. A regulator who is concerned about equity may protect the …

This study investigates hospitals’ dynamic incentives to select patients when hospitals are remunerated according to a … framework. Patients differ in severity within a DRG. Providers are to some extent altruistic. For low altruism, a downward … spiral of prices is possible which induces hospitals to focus on low-severity cases. For high altruism, dynamic price …

between neighbouring hospitals (competitive segment), and low-benefit patients who decide whether or not to demand treatment …This paper studies the impact of hospital competition on waiting times. We use a Salop-type model, with hospitals that … differ in (geographical) location and, potentially, waiting time, and two types of patients; high-benefit patients who choose …

substitute for other borrowing. We then apply this methodology to firms in India that became eligible for directed credit as a …

The growth of cotton textile imports into Britain from India opened up new opportunities for import substitution as the … labour-saving technological progress meant that unit labour costs became lower than in India despite the much higher wages in …

Three main features characterize the international financial integration of China and India. First, while only having a … “short equity, long debt.” Third, China and India have improved their net external positions over the last decade although …. Changes in these factors will affect the international financial integration of China and India (through shifts in capital …

solvency. This is compared with the corresponding cost if India were to repudiate its debts and experience financial autarky as … improves the relative attractiveness of debt repayment. With a 10% discount rate, however, even writing off 75% of India …