impacts negatively on product innovation activities (both in terms of propensity and success), b) that the effect of em …-ployee staying rate (measured by the share of employees that remain in the firm from one year to the next) on innovation follows an …

This paper introduces dynamics in the R&D to innovation and innovation to productivity relationships, which have mostly … individual effects and idiosyncratic errors correlated across equations and that differ in the way innovation enters the … Community Innovation Survey. The results provide evidence of robust unidirectional causality from innovation to productivity and …

innovation and to mitigate grand challenges. One of the main motivations for the support of Pre-Commercial Procurement schemes … was to use public needs as a driver for innovation. This concept was also introduced as a response to the need to … reinforce the innovation capabilities of the EU, while improving the quality and efficiency of public services. However, there …

may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

Using Dutch data we empirically investigate how financing and innovation vary across firm characteristics. We find that … when firms face financial constraints, debt financing and innovation choices are not independent of firm characteristics …