One of many explanations offered for the rise of private labels (PLs) is that they increase the bargaining power of the retailer. The prior question of the PL production assignment has not been analysed in an economic framework. The retailer can either entrust the production of his PL to the...

Cet article analyse un jeu simple à deux périodes dans lequel deux producteurs fabriquant un bien homogène se font concurrence pour fournir un distributeur. Les auteurs montrent que si les producteurs sont vulnérables (c’est-à-dire s’ils sont exclus du marché en cas d’une commande...

In many Sub-Saharan African countries, farmers typically have a choice between selling their pro ducts to traders who travel between villages and markets and transporting their products to the nearest market themselves. Because of communities' remoteness and poor communications with...