This paper studies the relationship between employment and wage structures in West Germany based on the IAB employment … evolution of relative employment measures, we estimate elasticities of substitution between employees in three different skill … groups and between those of different age, taking account of the endogeneity of wages and employment. Compared to estimates …

the good news in our flagship 2012 World Development Report on gender. But this has not translated into broader gains. Too … account, or take out a loan???to buy fertilizer, for example, that would boost food production for whole communities. Gender …

men and women's perception of factors that are perceived to shape their economic mobility, access to labor markets, and … middle class overall, men and women will report a lack of education and appropriate skills as barriers to both employment and … entrepreneurship opportunities. Economic mobility, supported by a thriving and open labor market, targeted policies, and an enabling …

social contacts. We show that an improvement in the employment status of either an agent's direct or indirect contacts leads … to an increase in the agent's employment probability and expected wages, in the sense of first order stochastic dominance … show that employment is positively correlated across time and agents, and the same is true for wages. Moreover …

in terms of employment opportunities, labor market earnings, and access to tertiary education in Indonesia. With data … students in 1997 to examine their schooling and employment status in 2000. The findings demonstrate that: (1) attendance at … vocational secondary schools results in neither market advantage nor disadvantage in terms of employment opportunities and …