fact destroy cooperation when it would otherwise be possible. …

advantage in the conflict or that the joint production process exhibits increasing returns. Nor is there any presumption that …, the formation of alliances tends to reduce the severity of the conflict over the contestable resource. Furthermore …, despite the internal conflict that arises among the winning alliance’s members over the distribution of their joint product …

dependence upon primary commodity exports and a large diaspora substantially increase the risk of conflict. Inconsistent with the … grievance theory, greater ethnic and religious diversity reduce the risk of conflict. The results are robust to correction for …

This paper considers a partial equilibrium model of conflict where two asymmetric, rational and risk-neutral opponents … conflict in order to appropriate a positive fraction of a stake. An institutional constraint is modelled through an exogenously … conflicting agents are willing to commit themselves to ease the conflict joining an institutional setting they do not ‘disarm …

between buyers and sellers, such as found in Akerlof’s lemons model and Spence’s signaling model and extends the arguments put … all qualities together (lemons) or using external indications of quality to separate them (signaling). Similarly, the …