In this essay, I examine the connection between pricing, profit mark ups, competition, and economic activity from a …-based mark up pricing model; the conclusion reached is that market structure and competition have no fundamental role in … affecting pricing, profit mark ups, or economic activity. However, it is generally perceived in heterodox economics that …

During the marginalist controversy, full costers failed to convince economists of the superiority of full cost pricing … over marginal theory of imperfect competition. The controversy was closed prematurely; various contributions published … rate of profit and the emergence of the market price The present paper shows that the full cost pricing is not so justified …

competition game, which models the price competition between the MNO and the MVNO; and a subscription game, which models the … value, for the bargain; Nash equilibrium, for the competition; and Wardrop equilibrium, for the subscription. The paper … assesses which conditions lead to an equilibrium where the competition does take place, which are expressed as restrictions for …

interval of values of the spillover parameter such that the relationship between competition and growth is an inverted-U-shape. …