effect on innovation. We develop a simple "trapped factor" model of innovation that is consistent with these empirical …

linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million U.S. patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its … strength. Past innovation network structures are calculated using citation patterns across technology classes during 1975 … predictive power on future innovation after 1995. This pattern is consistent with the idea that when there is more past upstream …

We find that institutional ownership in publicly traded companies is associated with more innovation (measured by cite …, policy changes and disaggregating by type of owner we find that the effect of institutions on innovation does not appear to …

innovations that will replace current innovations imply that social benefits from innovation are not fully internalized. As a …

Crowdsourcing is an emerging technology where innovation and production are sourced out to the public through an open … fact that the exact difficulties of innovation tasks may not be known in advance, so tasks that require high-skill labor …