How does firm entry affect innovation incentives and productivity growth in incumbent firms? Micro-data suggests that … threat spurs innovation incentives in sectors close to the technological frontier--successful innovation allows incumbents to … prevent entry. In laggard sectors it discourages innovation--increased entry threat reduces incumbents' expected rents from …

We find that institutional ownership in publicly traded companies is associated with more innovation (measured by cite …, policy changes and disaggregating by type of owner we find that the effect of institutions on innovation does not appear to …

, and stock options - to the culture for innovation and employees' ability and willingness to engage in innovative activity … that both shared capitalism compensation and high performance work policies contribute to these innovation outcomes. Owning … company stock is the most consistently positive compensation variable in predicting both an innovation culture and willingness …