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Azam, Mehtabul - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2015

Drawing on the nationally representative "Participation and Expenditure in Education" surveys, we document the incidence and cost of private tutoring at different stages of schooling over the last two decades in India. As private tutoring involve two decisions: a) whether to take private tuition...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011125862

Necessity Entrepreneurship and Competitive Strategy

Block, Jörn; Kohn, Karsten; Miller, Danny; Ullrich, Katrin - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014

Many start-ups chose to compete with incumbent firms using one of two generic strategies: cost leadership or differentiation. Our study demonstrates how this choice depends on whether the startup was founded out of necessity. Our results, based on a representative data set of 4,568 German...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010779437

International Financial Integration and Real Exchange Rate Long-Run Dynamics in Emerging Countries: Some Panel Evidence

Caporale, Guglielmo Maria; Hadj Amor, Thouraya; Rault, … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009

The aim of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the impact of international financial integration on the long-run Real Exchange Rate (RER) in 39 developing countries belonging to three different geographical regions (Latin America, Asia and MENA). It covers the period 1979-2004,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762383

How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries

Cho, Yoonyoung; Newhouse, David - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

This paper examines how different types of workers in 17 middle-income countries were affected by labor market retrenchment during the great recession. Impacts on different types of workers varied by country and were only weakly related to the severity of the shock. Among active workers, youth...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009003937

Does Human Capital Protect Workers against Exogenous Shocks? South Africa in the 2008-2009 Crisis

Leung, Ron; Stampini, Marco; Vencatachellum, Désiré - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009

The financial and economic crisis of 2008 and 2009 has taken its toll on the South African economy. The economy contracted for the first time since 1998, and entered recession during the fourth quarter of 2008. The GDP contraction was soon transmitted to the labor market. Between the second...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008514864

Wage Rigidity and Disinflation in Emerging Countries

Messina, Julián; Sanz-de-Galdeano, Anna - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

This paper examines the consequences of rapid disinflation for downward wage rigidities in two emerging countries, Brazil and Uruguay, relying on high quality matched employer-employee administrative data. Downward nominal wage rigidities are more important in Uruguay, while wage indexation is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009149154

Innovation and Employment: A Survey

Vivarelli, Marco - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007

According to the "compensation theory", market forces should assure a complete compensation of the initial labour-saving impact of process innovations. In this paper a critique of this approach is proposed through a detailed survey of the theoretical and empirical literature on the subject. The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005700886

Innovations, Wages and Demand for Heterogeneous Labour: New Evidence from a Matched Employer-Employee Data-Set

Bellmann, Lutz; Schank, Thorsten - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2000

This paper examines the impact of innovations and wages on the demand for heterogeneous labour. Based on matched data from the IAB-establishment panel survey and the files of the employment statistics register for the year 1995, input shares derived from a generalised Leontief cost function are...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005700936

Globalization and Innovation in Emerging Markets

Gorodnichenko, Yuriy; Svejnar, Jan; Terrell, Katherine - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008

into account firm heterogeneity. We find support for the prediction that competition has a negative effect on innovation … are important channels for domestic firm innovation. We do not find support for the inverted U effect of competition on … innovation. There is partial support for the hypothesis that firms in a more pro-business environment invest more in innovation …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703100

Can You Teach Old Dragons New Tricks? FDI and Innovation Activity in Chinese State-Owned Enterprises

Girma, Sourafel; Gong, Yundan; Görg, Holger - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006

We investigate whether inward FDI, either at the firm or industry level, has any impact on product innovation by … that export, invest in human capital or R&D, or have prior innovation experience. We also find that SOEs with internal R …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703273

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