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Azam, Mehtabul - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2015

Drawing on the nationally representative "Participation and Expenditure in Education" surveys, we document the incidence and cost of private tutoring at different stages of schooling over the last two decades in India. As private tutoring involve two decisions: a) whether to take private tuition...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011125862

Necessity Entrepreneurship and Competitive Strategy

Block, Jörn; Kohn, Karsten; Miller, Danny; Ullrich, Katrin - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014

Many start-ups chose to compete with incumbent firms using one of two generic strategies: cost leadership or differentiation. Our study demonstrates how this choice depends on whether the startup was founded out of necessity. Our results, based on a representative data set of 4,568 German...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010779437

How Did the Great Recession Affect Different Types of Workers? Evidence from 17 Middle-Income Countries

Cho, Yoonyoung; Newhouse, David - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

This paper examines how different types of workers in 17 middle-income countries were affected by labor market retrenchment during the great recession. Impacts on different types of workers varied by country and were only weakly related to the severity of the shock. Among active workers, youth...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009003937

Wage Rigidity and Disinflation in Emerging Countries

Messina, Julián; Sanz-de-Galdeano, Anna - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

This paper examines the consequences of rapid disinflation for downward wage rigidities in two emerging countries, Brazil and Uruguay, relying on high quality matched employer-employee administrative data. Downward nominal wage rigidities are more important in Uruguay, while wage indexation is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009149154

International Financial Integration and Real Exchange Rate Long-Run Dynamics in Emerging Countries: Some Panel Evidence

Caporale, Guglielmo Maria; Hadj Amor, Thouraya; Rault, … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009

The aim of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the impact of international financial integration on the long-run Real Exchange Rate (RER) in 39 developing countries belonging to three different geographical regions (Latin America, Asia and MENA). It covers the period 1979-2004,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762383

Does Human Capital Protect Workers against Exogenous Shocks? South Africa in the 2008-2009 Crisis

Leung, Ron; Stampini, Marco; Vencatachellum, Désiré - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009

The financial and economic crisis of 2008 and 2009 has taken its toll on the South African economy. The economy contracted for the first time since 1998, and entered recession during the fourth quarter of 2008. The GDP contraction was soon transmitted to the labor market. Between the second...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008514864

Banks and Innovation: Microeconometric Evidence on Italian Firms

Benfratello, Luigi; Schiantarelli, Fabio; Sembenelli, … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006

set on innovation for a large number of Italian firms over the 1990’s. There is evidence that banking development affects … the probability of process innovation, particularly for small firms and for firms in high(er) tech sectors and in sectors … more dependent upon external finance. The evidence for product innovation is weaker. There is also some evidence that …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822124

Innovation and the Determinants of Firm Survival

Buddelmeyer, Hielke; Jensen, Paul H.; Webster, Elizabeth - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006

-to-the-world innovation is inherently risky and therefore may increase the probability of firm death. However, many existing studies … fail to distinguish between innovation investments and innovation capital. Using an unbalanced panel of over 290 … innovation and survival and find that current innovation investments increase the probability of death while innovation capital …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822226

Openness and Technological Innovations in Developing Countries: Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys

Almeida, Rita; Fernandes, Ana Margarida - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007

This paper examines international technology transfers using firm-level data across 43 developing countries. Our findings show that exporting and importing activities are important channels for the transfer of technology. Majority foreign-owned firms are less likely to engage in technological...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822275

Product Market Regulation and Macroeconomic Performance: A Review of Cross Country Evidence

Schiantarelli, Fabio - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005

of product market regulation on mark-ups, firm dynamics, investment, employment, innovation productivity, and output …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822371

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